Inductor-generator for ignition purposes.



T. E. PODLBSAK & H. J. PODLESKK,

INDUGTOR GENERATOR FOR IGNITION PURPOSES.

I APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1901. ,3 0, Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

3 SHEETSSHEET l.

FIG-l MATH/Q3555 v INVENTORS 7 MWU I. B. PODLESAK & H. J. PODLE liK.

INDUGTOR GENERATOR FOR IGNITION PURPOSES.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1901.

Patented Mar. 18, 1918.

m E E m "r T m w m 8 5 3 9 8 G O a g a s 5 n 1 m l 19 0 0 W 4 flfi H M WUIMM A B w 5 I F FIJIIHIHII F 2 w IN E T0585 \7 WITNESSES Kg jm T. E.PODLESAK & H. J. PODLEAK. INDUOTOR GENERATOR FOR IGNITION PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1901.

1,056,360, Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

I 3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

FIGI5."

wn'mgsss I INVENTORS 0 2 JOZ/ m 5 I V, J g, 1 MM W6 To all whom mayconcern;

Be it known that we, 'lnsm. slim, SAK and Josnri-i Poussin, c

of the United States, and vresidents, r i; s tivelv, of Brooklyn, countyof .himgs, one.

and concise specification, reference being had to the several drawings,which are apart thereof.

This invention relates to inductor alternators for ignition purposes,

It essentially pertains to indiu nators capable of: producing c fectssuitable for the ignition or comcharges in internal combustion motors.

One object oi our invention is to so range and correlate the permanentfield mugnets to the other elements of an inductor alternotor, that inoperation the pern'mncnt magnets will be kept magnetized and built up.Another object of our invention is to provide an inductor alternatorwhich is reedily adaptable to all classes of internal combustion motors,such as automobile, marine, and stationary motors, and to the specialrequirements of each class. and is readily adjustable for varying theperiod of generot-ion of maximum electro-motii'e force relative to theposition of a. piston within en engine cylinder; I

Figure 1 is a side elevation a motor fitted with on inductor alternatorembodying our invention, the fiy wheel of the motor being shown portlybroken awe ind partly in section. Fig. 2 is a plan yiew oi the inductoralternator as'mounted on the crankshaft bearing of the motor shown inFig. 1, the flange wheel being shown in section and the crankshaftbearing partly in section. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the normallystationery part of the inductor alternator, detached, the inductionwindings being removed. Fig. 4 is an end view 01 parts shown in Fig. 3,the induction wind ing's being shown in place. Fig. 5 is a sideelevation of one ofthe sheet metal punchings or sections of which thepole pieces of the inductor alternat r shown in Figs. 1,2, 3, and 4 arecompose Fig. 6 is a perspec- Patent-ed Pier. 18, m1 No. roses.

in 0 view of an inductor, detached, suit-able for the above form ofinductor alternator.

T is a side elevation of sheet metal mulching 'or section for polepieces of e modified form. Fig. 8 is a gplnn View of a. modified form ofinductor alternator embodying our ll'lVQIlilOll. Fig. dis asideeleruiiou o his. 8, the induction windings being removed and theinductor shown in place.

In the drewings-ii represents an intercombustion motor of any well.known .iction. B indicates the crank shaft ngs at. either side of saidmotor, the shot-t itself being represented by 18. the iiy wheel. of themotor having an tending flange F.

l mdicates erme-nent magnet preferably horseshoe or ti-shaped in form.It is composed of as many magnet sections, orrunged in 9. series, as maybe required to establish the desired density of magnetic field.

e a "frame, preterably'of non-magnetic material, and employed tonositionanu support in proper relation to each other the normallystationery parts of our inductor alternator. In the drawings, thissupporting and positioning frame is mounted upon it crank shaft bearingB at one side of the motor, and is capable of adjustment about. the axisof the said crankshaft.

9 are clamp pieces or elects srrangcd to beer against. the outermostmagnet section in the series, and 7 are bolts or screws ex" tendin throuh said cleats and into the the frame 4 by means of bolts or screws 11,

so as to hold the laminated-pole pieces 21- in close magnetic contactwith the ends or poles of the permanent magnet sections.

Each one of the pole pieces has a pair of polar projections 12, 12, theformer of which serves as a coil core upon which awinding or coil 20 ofinsulated wire :is

slipped, and to which the said coil is suitably secured. The coil core12 on each pole piece is spaced by a suitable air gap from the adjacentpolar projection 12 on sa1d pole piece. The outer faces or polar facesof the said polar projections 12, 12, are

suitably shaped to conform to the path of travel of a suitable inductor,hereinafter de scribed. The polar faces on the polarpro jections 12 aredesignated by 2, and hereinafter referred to as exciting polar faces,and the polar faces. on the polar projections 12 are designated by 3.,and hereinafter referred to generating polar faces.

19 is an inductor, preferably formed of punchings or laminte of suitablemetal.

' This inductor is adapted to be rotated so as to have one of its facespass over and closely adjacent to the exciting polar faces 2 and thegenerating polar faces 3, by mere mecha'nicalclearance, or, in otherwords, as close to said polar faces as mechanical conditions willpermit. o have shown the said inductor 19 as secured to and carried bythe flange F of the fly wheel F of the motor. The polar faces 2, 3, andthe face of the inductor which passes adjacent to them are shaped to theare of a circle struck from the axis of the cranll shaft as a center.

Normally the lines of magnetic force emanate in a scattered way, fromall sides of the magnet for about one-half of its length from its'freeends, and some of these lines of force emanate from the pole pieces.-

faces, so as to establish a substantial mag netic short circuit acrossthe generating polar faces. The inductor then leaves the generatingpolar faces and the magnetic flux density throughihe induction windingsis rapidly diminished, due to the fact that the linesof-magnctic-"force'"instantly seek the path of least reluctance betweenthe magnet poles.

With an inductor alternator constructed in accordance with ourinvention, the inductor does not at any time move sullicientl y closelyto the limbs of the magnets themselves to draw or concentrate a densemagnetic flux across the limbs of the magnets above the poles thereof,but on the contrary, we have so constructed and arranged the elements ofan inductor alternator for i nition purposes, that the inductor in itsoperation tends only to draw or concentrate the magnetic flux emanatingfrom the mag- .nct poles at the free ends of said magnet,

thereby tending to prevent the shifting of the said poles and toovercome the tendency of the said poles to shift, with consequent lossof magneto-motive force by the magnets. The electro-motive force isgenerated in the inductive windings 20, as in all dynai'no-electricgenerators, by varyin the magnetic flux density in the said winc ing's.The inductor 19 operates to cause a very rapid varying of the magneticflux density by first establishing a substantial magnetic short circuit,1'. 0., by concentrating the magnetic flux at a point adjacent to butoutside of the induction windings, so that the magnetic flux density inthe cores of said windings is practically zero, then quickly divertingthe magnetic flux through the coil cores, andthen, practically in--stantly, permitting the magnetic flux density in said coil cores toagain drop to substantially zero. 1

lVith multi-cylinder motors, two or mor inductors are used, there beingone inductor for each cylinder, as will readily be understood, unlessthe periods of ignition of two or more of said cylinders occur at thesame period of the stroke at alternate revolutions. In any case, aninductor must be provided and so arranged that it will pass over andspan the generating polar faces when the ignition of a combustiblecharge is required. Also, when the motor is arranged for two or moreignitions, usually termed late, early etc, it may prove desirable to useone inductor for each of such ignitions, and to mount and holdstationary the permanent magnet and induction windlngs.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the frame 4 of the -inductor alternator is shownpivoted or journaled on the bearing B of the crank shaft at one side ofthe motor, as hereinbefore mentioned, in order that it may be oscillatedlhrougha part of a revolution to vary the instant of generation ofmaximum electromolive force, so as to accommodate the generator foroperation with mechanism for varying the period of ignition within theengine cylinder.

13 is a link connected at its lower end with the generator frame, andhaving its upper end suitably connected to one end of a lever 14-, whichis pivoted at 15 to the frame of the nmtor. The mechanism for advancingor retarding the time of ignition within the engine cylinder may be ofany suitable and well known type. I or the purpose of illustrating ourinvention. we have shown in the drawings, more or lessdiagramlnatically. such a mechanism.

K is a cam connected to mov e with a bell crank lever V, said leverbeing pivoted at 1,ose,sso

Y to the cylinder of the motor, and adapted to be oscillated andretained in any desired position of adjustment by the engagement of itsdownwardly extending arm with one of the teeth of a rack section Z.

16 is a link connected at its lower end to the upper end of the leverla, and having its upper end connected to the outer end of the arm ofthe bell crank lever V.

The make and break mechanism within the cylinder may be of any wellknown and suitable construction. We have diagrammatically illustrated itas consisting of an insulated stationary electrode S and a movableelectrode M, the latter having on the outside of the cylinder alaterally project- --ing arm H4 Springs or their equivalents forcontrolling the operation of the elec trode M in the well known manner,are, for the sake of clearness, not shown. The movable electrode M isactuated by a reciprocable trip red T which has one end mounted on aneccentric X carried by a shaft L, driven from some suitable member ofthe motor. The driving connection for the shaft L, for the sake ofclearness, has not been shown. The free end of the trip rod T rests uponthe cam K, and is guided by it. By adjusting the said calm, the trip rodT is caused to bring about the separation of the electrodes within thecylinder relatively sooner or later in the stroke of the piston.Theconnections between the said bell crank lever V and the frame 4are-so proportioned and correlated that, as the period of ignition inthe cylinder is changed by the op eration of the bell crank lever toeither advance or retard the spark. the electric gencrater is alsoshifted or adjusted into a position to generate the requisiteelectro-motive force at the moment of the electrodes of the make andbreak apparatus in the cylinder separate to produce the desired spark.

W is a weight secured between the arms 17 extending from the frame 4,the said weight being suitable to counterbalance the weight carried atthe opposite end of the said frame 4. 22 is a spring having its lowerend attached to a bracket 27 carried by the motor frame, and its upperend secured to an adjusting screw 26 which extends through a cross bar28 carried bythe arm 17. This spring serves to supplement the weight- Wand affords'an additional means for facilitating the adjustment of theelectric generator.

The induction windings 20 on the coil cores 12 are composed ofconvolutions of insulated wire wound continuously in each v.coil. Thecoils are wound on forms, and preferably impregnated with someinsulating varnish'or compound that is impervious to oil and water. Theyare suitably covered for protection and arranged to slip over the coilcores to which they are secured.

The winding on the coil core of each pole piece may be in one or moreseparate coils, all of which are suitably and properly connectedtogether, either in para lel or in series, as may be desired. Theterminals of the induction windings are suitably connected to theelectrodes of the igniter. As shown in Fig. i, the stationary insulatedelectrode S is connected to one of the terminals off the inductionwindings by a con ductor 30, the other terminal of the wind lugs beingsuitably grounded and thus connected to the movable electrode ill, whichis grounded as is usual.

In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown another form of the inductor alternator inwhich the polar faces of the pole pieces are curved oppositely, withrespect to the magnet sections to the way the polar faces are curved inthe form shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and i. In the form shown in Figs. 8 and9 the wheel or support for carryiirqthe inductor may, by making thecurvature of the polar faces of a short radius, be made of short radius,which is desirable in some cases.

We do not limit ourselves to the precise construction shown anddescribed, as our invention may be embodied in other forms ofconstruction.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnetno'vided witha pair of laminated pole pieces. one in magnetic contactwith each pole of the magnet and extending laterally therefrom. twopolar projections on each pole piece each terminating in a polar face,said polar faces constituting a substantially cylindrical polar surface.windings carried by the adjacent. polar projections on said polepieees,.and an unwound inductor rotatable about an axis substantiallyparallel to the polar surface and in proximity to the polar faces tovary the magnetic flux therethrough, said induc tor substantiallyshort-circuiting the magnetic flux through the unwound polar projectionswhen it is in one position and through the wound polar projections whenit is in another position.

- '2. In an inductor generator, the combina tion of arotatable shaft. anunwound inductor carried by the shaft and having a polar face curved inthe arc of a circle struck from the axis of the shaft as a center. apermanent magnet provided with a laterally extending pole piece at eachof its poles, a pair of polar projections on each pole piece and eachterminating in a polar face, said polar faces constituting polar surfacecurved to correspond with the polar face'of the inductor. an inductivewinding on one polar projection of each pole piece, said inductorsubstantially shor-Lcircuiting the magnetic flux through the unwoundpolar projections when it is moved into one position and through thewound polar projections when it is moved into another position.

3. In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet, apair of pole pieces arranged in n'iagnetic contact'with the poles ofsaid magnet and extending laterally therefrom, each pole piece having apair of polar projections provided with polar faces, a winding carriedby one of the polar projections, and an unwound inductor having a polarsurface movable in the proximity to said polar faces and serving toestablish a substantially.short circuit of the magnetic flux through oneset of polar projections and outside of the winding when said inductoris in one position and through the othcrset of polar projections andthrough the ,windings'when said inductor is in another position.

4. In. an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet, apair of laminated pole pieces held in magnetic contact with the poles ofsaid magnet and extending laterally therefrom. each pole piece having apair of polar projectibns terminating in polar faces, an inductivewinding on one polar projection of each pole piece, the other polarprojection of each pole piece being unwound, and an unwound inductormovable'in proximity to said polar faces to concentrate the magneto fluxalternately through the unwound polar projections and through the woundpolar projections.

5. In an inductor generator, the combina tion of a permanent magnet, twolaminated pole pieces held in magnetic contact one with and extendinglaterally from each pole of the magnet and having each two polarprojections terminating in polar faces constituting a cylindrical polarsurface, inductive windings on the adjacent polar. projections of saidpole'picces, the other polar projection on each pole piece beingunwound. and an unwound inductor movable about an axis substantiallyparallel to the polar surface and in proximity to the polar faces tocon-- centrate the magnetic flux alternately through the wound polarprojections and through the unwound polar project-ions.

G. If an inductor generator, the combination of a pern'lanent. magnet, apple piece in magnetic contact with each pole of said magnet andextending laterally therefrom each pole piece bein provided with twopolar projections terminating in polar faces, a winding in inductiverelation to one polar projection on each pole piece, a common meansformed of non-magnetic material for supporting both pole pieces, meansfor holding the pole pieces in magnetic contact with the magnet, andmeans formed of magnetic material movable in proximity to the polarfaces to establish a substantial short. circuit of the magnetic fluxalternately through the unwound polar projections and wound polarprojections.

7, In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnethaving a pole piece in magnetic contact with and extending laterallyfrom each pole, said pole pieces being provided each with two polarprojections terniinating in polar faces constituting a cylindrical polarsurface, a winding on one of said polar projections, and an inductormovable in proximity to said polar faces to vary the magnetic fluxthrough the wound polar projection.

8. In an inductor generator, the combination of a field magnet havingpole pieces extended laterally therefrom and terminating in polar facesconstituting a cylindrical polar surface, means for supporting the polepieces and holding them in magnetic contact with said magnet, windingson said pole pieces, and. an inductor movable in proximity to said polarfaces to vary the magnetic flux through said winding.

9. In an inductor generator, the 'eombina tion of a field magnet havingpole pieces extended laterally therefrom and terminating in pole facesforming a cylindrical polar snrface, means for holding said pole piecesin magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet, a winding on oneofsaid pole pieces, an annular member carried on a shaft substantiallyparallel to said surface, and an inductor mounted axially upon saidannular member to move in proximity to said pole faces for varying themagnetic flux through said winding.

10. In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnetprovided with pole pieces in magnetic contact therewith andextendcdlaterally therefrom and terminating in polar faces, an inductive windingon one of said pole pieces, an inductor, and means to carry the inductorin proximity to the polar faces to vary the magnetic flux therethrough.

11. In an inductor generator, the combination of a field magnet havingpole pieces in magnetic contact therewith and extended laterallytherefrom and terminating in polar faces, means for holding said polepieces in magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet, an inductivewinding on. one of said pole pieces, an annular rotatable membersurrounding said field magnet, and an inductor mounted on the inside ofsaid annular member with its length parallel to the axis of the latterand arranged to move in through the proximity to said polar faces tovarv the magnetic flux through said winding.

12. In an inductor generator, the combi nation of a pm-manent mag-net, apolar extension in magnetic contact with one of the poles of the magnetand extendinglaterally from the magnet and terminating in a polar face,a polar extension in magnetic contact with the other pole of andextending laterally from the magnet and provided with two polarprojections terminating in polar faces,

awinding on'one of said polar projections,

and an unwound inductor movable in proximity to the said polar faces tovary the magnetic flux first throughone of said polar projections andthen through. the other said polar projection.

13. In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet, apole piece in magnetic contact with one pole of said magnet andextending laterally from the magnet and provided with a polar face, apole piece in magnetic contact with the other pole of and extendinglaterally from said magnet and including a laminated core, having apolar face, a Winding on said core, and an inductor movable in proximitto said polar faces to vary the magnetic ux therethrough. r

14. In an inductor generator, the combination of a laminated permanentmagnet, two laminated pole pieces extending laterally from the magnet,one in magnetic contact with the pole of the magnet and each providedwith two polar projections terminatingin polar faces constituting acylindrical polarsurface, means of non-magnetic material for supportingthe pole pieces and holding them in magneticcontact with the poles ofthe magnet, an inductive winding on one polar projection of each polepiece, a rotatable shaftwhose axis is substantially parallel to saidpolar surface, and an inductor car'ried by said shaft and movable inproximity to said polar faces to vary the magnetic flux therethrough,said inductor establishing a substantially magnetic short circuitalternately through the unwound polar projections and through the woundpolar projections.

15. In an inductor alternator, the combination of a support, a permanentmagnet, pole pieces, a spacing element between the pole pieces,fastenings extending through the pole pieces and element to secure themtogether, and means for fastening the said element to the support withthe pole pieces in contact with the magnet.

16. In an inductor alternator, the combination of a spacing element ofnon-magnetic material, pole piece laminae on opposite sides thereof,bolts passing through the laminae and spacing element for securing thesaid parts rigidly together as a unitarg structure, with a magnet incontact wit the pole pieces, and a common support to which the magnetand said structure are independently fastened.

In testimony whereof we have signed our name'sto this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

TESLA E. PODLESAK. HENRY JOSEPH PODLESAK.

Witnesses to the signature of Tesla E. Podlesak:

JAMES OWEN,

H. C. HoLnRow. Witnesses to the signature of Henry Joseph PodlesakzEDWARD A. J onNsroN, WILLIAM WEBBER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington. D. C.

